Kev kho cua sov txhais li cas hauv Electrode Cog
Kev kho cua sov hauv graphite electrode manufacturing tsis yog ib qho haujlwm. Nws yog ib ntus ntawm cov kauj ruam thermal siv ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem, txhua tus muaj lub hom phiaj: calcination ntawm cov coke nyoos, ci ntawm lub cev ntsuab extruded, impregnation nrog suab ua raws li qhov thib ob ci, thiab thaum kawg graphitization. Tag nrho cov kab ke hloov pauv cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov hlua khi rau hauv qhov ntom ntom, qis -resistivity, thermally ruaj khov graphite kem uas tuaj yeem nqa tam sim no hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv yam tsis ua haujlwm. Hla los yog shortening ib kauj ruam qhia tom qab raws li siab resistivity, cracking los yog ntau tshaj cov lus qhia.
Kauj Ruam Ib: Calcination ntawm Raw Coke
Petroleum koob coke tuaj txog nrog cov teeb meem tsis zoo uas yuav txo qis thiab cuam tshuam cov electrode thaum graphitization. Calcination tshem tawm cov feem tsis hloov pauv los ntawm cua sov lub coke kom txog li 1,200 txog 1,400 C nyob rau hauv ib lub rotary, ncej los yog rotary -hearth kiln. Cov zis yog denser, ntau crystalline calcined coke nrog tsawg residual volatiles thiab ruaj khov qhov ntev. Qhov no yog thawj lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov zoo ntawm kev kho cua sov ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov kev tiv thaiv uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag tom qab, vim tias cov qauv coke thiab impurity theem teeb tsa lub qab nthab ntawm qhov kawg electrode kev ua tau zoo.
Kauj Ruam Ob thiab Peb: Ci thiab Impregnation
Tom qab sib tov nrog binder pitch thiab extrusion, lub cev ntsuab yog ci ntawm feem ntau 800 mus rau 1,200 C. Cov dej num yog meej: lub suab binder decomposes thiab carbonises, volatiles raug tsav tawm, sab hauv porosity ntog thiab cov khoom muaj zog txhua yam. Ib tug tuab carbon qauv tsim nyob rau theem no yog dab tsi ua rau tom qab graphitization zoo. Vim tias qee qhov porosity tseem nyob, cov qib hwm yog tom qab ntawd impregnated nrog lub suab nyob rau hauv siab thiab re- ci, uas ua rau qhib qhov pores, nce ntau qhov ntom ntom thiab txhim kho ob qho tib si lub zog thiab kev coj ua. Impregnation and re-baking are the main reason that ultra-high-power grades achieve higher density and lower resistivity than standard grades from the same coke.
Kauj Ruam 4: Graphitization Nyob ib ncig ntawm 2,500 txog 3,000 C
Graphitization yog qhov txiav txim siab rau kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob. Lub cev ci yog rhuab mus rau kwv yees li 2,500 txog 3,000 C hauv Acheson hom rauv, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cua sov ntawm tus nqi nws tus kheej. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsis sib haum xeeb amorphous carbon rearranges rau hauv cov txheej txheem graphite siv lead ua. Peb ntsuas cov khoom txav mus rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia ib zaug: cov hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb poob qis, thermal conductivity nce, thiab cov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion poob. Tsawg thermal expansion teeb meem vim nws txo cov thermal stress generated thaum lub sij hawm thawj cua sov mus rau hauv lub cub tawg, thiab qhov kev ntxhov siab yog ib qho ua rau longitudinal tawg ntawm cov electrodes tshiab.
| Txheej txheem kauj ruam | Qhov kub thiab txias | Cov nyhuv tseem ceeb ntawm electrode |
|---|---|---|
| Calcination ntawm raw coke | Txog 1,200 txog 1,400 C | tshem tawm volatiles, stabilizes coke qauv |
| Ci ntawm lub cev ntsuab | Txog 800 txog 1,200 C | carbonises binder, nce ceev thiab lub zog |
| Impregnation thiab re- ci | raws li kev ci | fills pores, nce ceev thiab conductivity |
| Graphitization | txog 2,500 rau 3,000 C | Cov ntaub ntawv graphite lattice, txiav resistivity thiab expansion |
Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Zoo
Vim tias kev kho cua sov yog qhov uas tus neeg siv khoom kawg them rau, nws cov txiaj ntsig tau ntsuas ntau dua li qhov xav tau. Resistivity yog txiav txim los ntawm ASTM C611, flexural zog los ntawm ASTM C651, pom meej bulk ntom thiab porosity los ntawm ASTM C1039, thiab tshauv los ntawm ASTM C561. Thermal expansion tshaj 100 mus rau 600 C yog ntsuas los ntawm dilatometry raws li ASTM E228. Rau kev ua tiav electrodes qhov ntev thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm GB / T 3072 thiab GB / T 3073 thov, nrog kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau lub txiv mis taper, txij li kev sib koom ua ke uas tsis yog lub rooj zaum tsim nyog tsim qhov chaw kub hauv zos uas xaus electrode lub neej thaum ntxov.
Cov txheej txheem tswj cov ntsiab lus uas txiav txim siab zaum kawg
Plaub lub ntsiab lus tswj hwm cov txiaj ntsig. Ua ntej, calcination kub profile: nyob rau hauv -calcined coke tso tawm volatiles thaum lub sij hawm graphitization thiab ua cracking. Qhov thib ob, cov ntsiab lus suab thiab qhov sib tov kub, uas txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas kaw porosity ciaj sia ci. Thib peb, qhov txias txias tom qab graphitization; lub cev txias dhau nrawm tsim kev ntxhov siab sab hauv uas tsuas yog tshwm sim tom qab tawg. Plaub, lub tshuab cua sov tswj, vim tias oxidation thaum lub sij hawm siab -kub kev kho mob siv cov khoom thiab txo cov yield. Txhua yam ntawm no yog qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv, thiab cov nroj tsuag uas sau lawv sib cuam tshuam nrog lawv qhov kawg resistivity thiab nrog cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q:Vim li cas graphitization ua rau qhov kub siab?
A: Vim tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pa roj carbon tsis zoo rau hauv graphite lattice tsuas yog ua tau sai txaus siab tshaj li ntawm 2,500 C. Qhov kev hloov ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov txo qhov kev tiv thaiv mus rau qib uas xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm siab tam sim no.
Q:Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ci thiab graphitization?
A: Baking carbonises pitch binder ntawm li 800 txog 1,200 C thiab ua kom muaj zog txhua yam. Graphitization ntawm li 2,500 mus rau 3,000 C reorganises cov pa roj carbon rau hauv graphite crystals thiab mas txhim kho hluav taws xob thiab thermal zog.
Q:Puas yog impregnation hloov qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov electrode?
A: Nws ntxiv carbon los ntawm impregnating suab rau hauv lub pore network. Lub hom phiaj yog qhov ntom ntom dua thiab qhov porosity qis dua yam tsis qhia cov hmoov tshauv, yog li qis - cov hmoov tshauv impregnating pitches yog siv.
Q:Kev kho cua sov cuam tshuam li cas rau kev tawg hauv kev pabcuam?
A: Ib qho zoo graphitized electrode muaj qhov coefficient tsawg ntawm thermal expansion thiab yog li txo qis thermal thaum lub sij hawm cua sov. Kev kho mob tsis zoo los yog tsis sib xws ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, thiab qhov ntawd tshwm sim raws li cov kab nrib pleb ntev lossis kev sib koom ua ke.
Q:Cov kauj ruam kho puas tuaj yeem txo qis kom txo tus nqi?
A: Lub sijhawm nyob hauv tuaj yeem ua kom zoo, tab sis yog tias tus nqi tsis ncav cuag qhov kub ntawm lub hom phiaj thoob plaws hauv nws ntu, qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab qhov ntom ntom poob sab nraud. Kev txuag nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg lub sij hawm feem ntau yog me dua tus nqi ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis lees paub.
Q:Daim ntawv pov thawj twg qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhia txog kev kho cua sov kom raug?
A: Resistivity, bulk ntom thiab coefficient ntawm thermal expansion ua ke. Kev tawm tsam ib leeg tuaj yeem ntsib los ntawm lub cev ntom ntom tab sis tsis zoo graphitized, yog li nws yuav tsum tsis txhob raug txiav txim hauv kev sib cais.