Graphite yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv dav tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv siab -kub kev lag luam, suav nrog hluav taws xob arc rauv (EAF), ladle furnaces, ferroalloy smelting thiab electrochemical ntau lawm kab. Nws raug xaiv vim hais tias ib tug me me ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum muaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm: high hluav taws xob conductivity, huab kub tsis kam, thermal shock kuj, tshuaj stability, mechanical zog thiab zoo machinability.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Graphite Ua Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
Ib qho hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau hauv qhov cub hluav taws xob nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus poob. Graphite muaj txheej txheej carbon siv lead ua qauv nyob rau hauv uas delocalised electrons txav tsuas yog raws cov pa roj carbon monoxide, yog li nws ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txawm tias nws ci ntsa iab ntawm arc kub.
Lub cev hluav taws xob tiv taus: li 8-13 µΩ·m
Ultra-siab- zog (UHP) qib lub cev tiv taus: txog 4.6-6.2 µΩ·m
Graphite tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua tooj liab, tab sis nws tuav nws cov conductivity ntawm qhov kub thiab txias uas tooj liab yuav tau softened los yog melted. Rau siab -tam sim no furnaces uas pauv- tawm txiav txim siab cov khoom xaiv.
Temperature Resistance thiab Thermal Shock Cwj Pwm
Nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab graphite tsis yaj nyob rau hauv lub niaj zaus kev nkag siab; Nws sublimes ntawm kwv yees li 3,600 degree. Arc kub hauv qhov cub hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tshaj 3,000 degree, yog li cov lus qhia electrode ua haujlwm deb tshaj qhov txwv ntawm cov hlau feem ntau.
Kev kub ceev thiab cua txias kuj ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal. Graphite tiv nrog qhov no rau ob qho laj thawj:
Tsawg coefficient ntawm thermal expansion (CTE), feem ntau txog 1–2 × 10⁻⁶ / degree
High thermal conductivity, feem ntau yog 120-240 W / m·K
Kev nthuav dav tsawg txwv qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tsim thaum lub sij hawm cua sov, thaum lub sij hawm siab conductivity kis tau kub sai thiab flattens thermal gradients. Ua ke lawv txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg thaum rov ua dua qhov cub.
Chemical Stability thiab Oxidation Control
Graphite tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm cov hlau molten, slags, txo cov cua thiab ntau cov electrolytes, uas pab kom cov yaj huv si thiab cov electrode kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Nws lub ntsiab tsis muaj zog yog oxidation hauv huab cua. Tshaj li ntawm 400℃oxygen pib tawm tsam cov pa roj carbon monoxide, thiab oxidation yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm electrode noj hauv EAF ua haujlwm.
Txoj hauv kev zoo los txwv tsis pub oxidation poob suav nrog kev tiv thaiv txheej, denser thiab ntau dua oxidation -cov qib graphite resistant, thiab qhov cub xyaum ua kom cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv thiab ua kom luv lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub.
Mechanical Strength, Machining thiab Joint Quality
Tsis zoo li ntau cov ntaub ntawv, graphite tsis poob lub zog thaum nws tau kub. Nws lub zog txhua yam nyob ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem nce mus txog 2,500 degree. Qhov no tseem ceeb vim tias kab hluav taws xob ntev ntev, hnyav thiab raug khoov thiab vibration.
The properties worth specifying are flexural strength, bulk density and elastic modulus, particularly for high-power (HP) and UHP grades. Graphite kuj yog ib qho yooj yim rau tshuab los ntawm kev tig, milling, drilling thiab sib tsoo, yog li cov electrodes tuaj yeem tsim nrog cov txiv mis thiab cov sockets. Ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ua rau kev sib cuag tsis zoo thiab txo txoj hauv kev tawg ntawm kev sib txuas.
Graphite piv nrog tooj liab, tungsten thiab hlau
| Khoom siv | Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua | Kev txwv loj |
|---|---|---|
| Tooj | High conductivity heev | Tsawg melting point |
| Tungsten | Kub kub kuj heev | Tus nqi siab, nyuaj rau scale rau cov cub tawg loj |
| Hlau | Muaj zog thiab tus nqi qis | Oxides thiab paug cov yaj |
| Graphite | Conductive, kub resistant, chemically ruaj khov | Xav tau kev tiv thaiv oxidation |
Graphite raug xaiv vim nws muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tag nrho ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws xob, kev ua haujlwm kub, kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov nqi rau kev ua haujlwm loj - teev cub tawg.
Qhov twg graphite electrodes siv
Electric arc rauv:scrap melting, carbon steel thiab stainless hlau ntau lawm
Ladle furnaces:steel refining, kub hloov thiab tswj alloy
Submerged arc furnaces:silicon hlau, ferroalloy thiab calcium carbide ntau lawm
Lwm yam dej num:electrolysis, tshwj xeeb alloy melting thiab siab - cov khoom kub
Cov lus nug nquag
Q: Vim li cas graphite yog cov khoom siv electrode zoo dua li tooj liab?
Copper ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub tab sis softens thiab melts ntawm qhov sib piv tsis tshua muaj kub, thaum graphite khaws usable conductivity thiab lub zog ntawm arc kub tshaj 3,000 degree.
Q: Dab tsi yog qhov kub ntawm graphite oxidise?
Nyob rau hauv huab cua, oxidation pib ntawm roughly 400 degree, thiab nws yog lub ntsiab ua rau electrode noj nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv, yog li cov coatings thiab denser qib yog siv los ua kom qeeb.
Q: Puas yog graphite yaj hauv lub cub tawg?
Tsis nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab. Graphite sublimes ntawm roughly 3,600℃es tsis txhob melting, uas yog vim li cas nws ciaj sia arc aav uas tshaj 3,000 degree.
Q: UHP graphite electrode yog dab tsi?
UHP txhais tau tias ultra- lub zog siab. Cov qib no muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog, feem ntau yog li 4.6-6.2 µΩ·m, thiab siab dua txhua yam lub zog rau cov cua sov tam sim no.
Q: Cov kev lag luam twg siv graphite electrodes?
Hluav taws xob arc thiab ladle furnaces rau steelmaking, submerged arc rauv rau silicon hlau, ferroalloys thiab calcium carbide, ntxiv rau electrolysis thiab tshwj xeeb alloy melting.
Q: Yuav ua li cas yog graphite electrode kem koom?
Tus kheej electrodes tau koom nrog machined threaded txiv mis thiab sockets. Cov xov raug raug ua kom sib koom ua ke tsis zoo thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ntawm kev sib txuas.